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PCB-11 and its Presence in the Environment

[…] For Research on Cancer, Ed.) 107, ISBN 978 92 832 0173 1. Retrieved from https://publications.iarc.fr/Book-And-Report- Series/Iarc-Monographs-On-The-Identification-Of-Carcinogenic-Hazards-To-Humans/Polychlorinated-Biphenyls-And-Polybrominated-Biphenyls-2015 Ikonomou M.G., S. P. (2002). PCB levels and congener patterns from Korean municipal waste […]

Member Sustainability Stories

[…] this new approach is our Packaging division, which champions one of our most sustainable product series to date – valPure® V70. Innovative coatings for light metal packaging products across the […]

High Performance Coating Materials from Recycled Sources

[…] between the epoxy primer and Resinate Materials Group (RMG) Polyol B polyester.  The second experimental series was based on RMG Polyol A. Both RMG Polyols are considered semi-aromatic since they are composed of aromatic diacids and aliphatic glycols.13  RMG Polyol A is a DTM polyester, and we looked at this polyester alone, blended with Corrosion Control Polyol A (new corrosion control polyol) at two levels, and with Corrosion Control Polyol A in conjunction with a heavy metal corrosion inhibitor (zinc phosphate). This group was compared with the BM-PUR commercial coating (with zinc phosphate and UV stabilizer). The coatings were applied over aluminum and CRS via wire wound rod applicators, flashed for 30 min under ambient conditions, then baked for 30 min @ 130°C. They were allowed to age for seven days prior to testing and yielded DFTs of 3.5 +/- 0.5 mils. Multiple replicate panels were made. Prior work had indicated that 14 day ambient cure generated similar properties to the bake conditions used here. The panels were advanced to full cure much quicker, in the interest of efficiency. Both ambient and bake processed panels were examined in the second round. Film Properties After curing, all panels had greater than 6H pencil hardness by Wolff-Wilborn method (ASTM 3363). Crosshatch adhesion to untreated cold-rolled steel was 5B for both the epoxy and RMG Polyol B, only 0B for the commercial DTM urethane control, and the rest of the experimental coatings measured between 1B and 3B (ASTM D3359). The crosshatch grid provided a semi-quantitative method for rating adhesion from 0B (total coating removal) to 5B (no coating removal) using specified adhesive tape. Post-curing, all systems had >200 MEK double rubs (ASTM D4752) except for the commercial DTM urethane control, which had an average of 179. QUV-A Performance The QUV-A 340 nm (ASTM G154) performance of the coatings was evaluated over aluminum substrate for a total of 3000 h during which the gloss and color change were monitored. The percent original (60°) gloss remaining was less than 5% for the epoxy coating control (Figure 3). The RMG Polyol B was at 23% gloss at 2000 h, significantly better gloss retention than epoxy (BM-EP). The two primers were discontinued after 2000 h since their contribution to overall outdoor durability is highly dependent on what type and thickness of topcoat is used. The next best performer was the commercial control polyurethane (BM-PUR) coating, which stabilized at around 65% original gloss at 2000 h, then dropped further to around 53% at 3000 h. The rest of the coatings, all derived from the RMG Polyol A DTM polyester, had similar performance for gloss through about 2000 h. They ended up differentiated at 3000 h, where the 25% Corrosion Control Polyol A (without zinc phosphate) performed the best of the group holding 70% gloss. Overall, a good showing for the commercial RMG Polyol A series, most likely due to the polyester base resins with little effect from the blended Corrosion Control Polyol A. The Delta E value from QUV exposure (Figure 4) was also examined. Again, the worst performer was the commercial epoxy coating, with a change of almost 10 units after 500 h, but recovering to a final value of nearly 6 after 2000 h (chart is scaled to max value of 3). As the direct comparison, the RMG Polyol A aromatic primer polyol was significantly better with only a 1.4 unit shift after 2000 h. Both were discontinued beyond this point, as mentioned earlier. The commercial benchmark fully formulated urethane coating (BM-PUR) performed the best overall in this category at around 0.5 units color shift (with UV stabilizer). The RMG Polyol A experimental series contained no UV additive and had only a slightly higher Delta E of 0.75 for the base resin. This increased a bit more with the high and low levels of blended Corrosion Control Polyol A present. Unlike the gloss loss result, the color shift trended upward slightly with a higher level of Corrosion Control Polyol A. As a point of reference, color differences are normally seen at Delta E values of 1.0 or greater; however, in some cases the visual differences may not be perceived until the value is closer to 3.0.14  Overall, excellent performance in QUV-A exposure unstabilized was observed, with almost no UV effect from the blended Corrosion Control Polyol A. Salt Spray Results The salt spray testing was carried out for 920 h over untreated cold-rolled steel substrate. Data were averaged from multiple panel sets run simultaneously. Evaluations were made for blistering, field corrosion, scribe creep, and scribe rating. When the scribe creep was evaluated (Figure 5), values ranged from 1.0-2.5 mm, a narrow range. Surprisingly, the worst performance was from the benchmark epoxy coating (avg. 2.5 mm), compared to the RMG Polyol B primer at 1.9 mm. The best overall performance came from the commercial control DTM urethane. The Resinate Polyol A blend experimental series was closely clustered between the two commercial benchmark coatings. The differentiation between the control and the experimental polyols was minor at this level of exposure, as there was an average value of 1.1 mm for the commercial control urethane and 1.5 mm for the best experimental coating. A broader perspective for rating the overall performance in salt spray was considered. The data from the ratings for blistering, field, and scribe were incorporated into a single metric—each rating had a maximum of 10 for best performance (no blistering, no field corrosion, less than 0.5 mm scribe creep) and these were combined into a single value (Figure 6). The commercial control urethane (containing zinc phosphate) only slightly outperformed both of the experimental Corrosion Control Polyol A blends, and by a slightly larger margin, the RMG Polyol A by itself and with zinc phosphate anticorrosion additive. It is unclear why the combination of Corrosion Control Polyol A with zinc phosphate did not outperform Corrosion Control Polyol A alone. However, the data indicate a positive effect from the Corrosion Control Polyol A material for use in metal protective coatings to replace heavy metal corrosion additives. The Corrosion Control Polyol A demonstrated it was worthy of further study by outperforming the zinc phosphate corrosion inhibitor additive. Next, the second round of testing with polycarbonate polyols began as well as some new benchmark control resins. Phase II Coating Studies – Corrosion Control Polyol A vs Corrosion Control Polyol B vs Heavy Metals    Experimental The second round of testing was done, as before, at Stonebridge Coatings Laboratory, Inc. Stonebridge conducted all of the coating formulation, production, panel preparation, oven curing, environmental testing, and ratings evaluation. The coatings were spray-applied over aluminum and CRS, flashed for 30 min under ambient conditions, then baked for 30 minutes @ 130°C. They were allowed to condition for 1-2 days prior to testing and yielded DFTs of 3.0 +/- 0.5 mils. A second set of panels was prepared, this time for ambient 2K curing over 14 days, for comparison of film properties to the oven baked set. The experimental base polyesters and corrosion control polyol resins were provided by Resinate for formulation into white coatings for testing. In this round, new benchmark commercial controls were used; two commercial semi-aromatic polyols marketed for their excellent UV stability and high functionality (Control 1, 2) were chosen as direct competitors in the DTM market to RMG Polyol A. This series was prepared in a common formulation, applied to aluminum and steel panels, evaluated for film properties, and finally evaluated in QUV-A, as before. In addition, a second series was added using a new Resinate polyester polyol base for interior/primer use (Base Polyol) as the main binder material. For this second set, the polyester was tested unmodified, with 5% zinc chromate, with 5% strontium zinc phosphate (SZP), with 20% Corrosion Control Polyol A, and with the newest recycled polycarbonate polyol, 20% Corrosion Control Polyol B. All materials were cured with commercial HDI trimer at 1.05:1.00 NCO:OH index. Film Properties After oven curing at 130°C for 30 min, all panels had 5H-6H pencil hardness by Wolff-Wilborn method (ASTM 3363). Adhesion to untreated cold-rolled steel (CRS) was performed, this time by X-Cut (ASTM D3359) since the crosshatch tool could not fully cut through the coating film to the substrate. All tests were done in duplicate and measured 4A–5A for all, except Control 2, which averaged only 3A (Figure 8). Post-baking, both of the control polyols and all the systems based on RMG Polyol A had >200 MEK double rubs (ASTM D4752). For the series including base polyol IMP1000-6.5, the MEK […]